This Friday at the Iolani Fair the stage bands performed in the entertainment tent. Typically, during concerts, each or every other saxophone, one trombone, one trumpet, and the singer get microphones so they can be balanced by the sound crew and be heard while they solo. Microphones use the properties of diodes to amplify sound as it runs from the instrument to the microphone, and eventually to the speaker.
A microphone and speaker system consists of a transistor which has an n-zone filled with "holes" and a p-zone filled with electrons. These two areas are connected with an n-channel that allows electrons to flow and a current to flow. In a transistor that is attached to a microphone, when there is no sound, such as when a singer is quiet, there is no potential difference running through the transistor and a depletion zone is created where electrons cannot flow. On the other hand, if a loud sound is played, the potential difference causes electrons to flow readily through the n-channel and a large current is produced, thus causing an amplified sound to be produced at the speaker.
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